Quarterly report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d)

Intangible Assets, Net

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Intangible Assets, Net
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2023
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]  
Intangible Assets, Net Intangible Assets, Net
Intangible assets consist of the following:
March 31, 2023 December 31, 2022
(in thousands) Gross Carrying Amount Accumulated Amortization Net Carrying Amount Gross Carrying Amount Accumulated Amortization Net Carrying Amount
Amortizable intangible assets:
Patents $ 4,061  $ (665) $ 3,396  $ 3,792  $ (621) $ 3,170 
License agreements 1,101  (1,041) 60  1,101  (1,014) 87 
Total amortizable intangible assets 5,162  (1,706) 3,456  4,893  (1,635) 3,258 
Unamortized intangible assets:
Trademarks 402  —  402  391  —  391 
Total intangible assets $ 5,564  $ (1,706) $ 3,858  $ 5,284  $ (1,635) $ 3,649 
Amortization expense is as follows:
Three Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands) 2023 2022
Amortization expense $ 71  $ 69 
As of March 31, 2023, future amortization of patents and license agreements is as follows:
Year Ending December 31, (in thousands)
2023 (excluding the three months ended March 31, 2023) $ 189 
2024 195 
2025 195 
2026 194 
2027 190 
Thereafter 2,493 
Total $ 3,456 

License Agreements
The Company has various license agreements that require the payment of royalty fees.
Royalty fee expense included in sales and marketing expense is as follows:
Three Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands) 2023 2022
Royalty fee expense $ 831  $ 673