Quarterly report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d)

Intangible Assets

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Intangible Assets
 3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2021
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]  
Intangible Assets Intangible Assets
The Company’s intangible assets consist of the following:
March 31, 2021 December 31, 2020
Gross Carrying Amount Accumulated Amortization Net Carrying Amount Gross Carrying Amount Accumulated Amortization Net Carrying Amount
Amortized intangible assets
Patents $ 1,814  $ (159) $ 1,655  $ 1,496  $ (139) $ 1,357 
License agreements 1,094  (772) 322  1,093  (745) 348 
Total amortizable intangible assets $ 2,908  $ (931) $ 1,977  $ 2,589  $ (884) $ 1,705 
Unamortized intangible assets
Trademarks $ 351  $ —  $ 351  $ 349  $ —  $ 349 
Total intangible asset, net $ 3,259  $ (931) $ 2,328  $ 2,938  $ (884) $ 2,054 
License agreements are being amortized over periods ranging from 17-20 years. Patent costs are being amortized over periods of up to 20 years. Amortization expense was approximately $47 and $36 for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively.  As of March 31, 2021, future amortization of license agreements and patents is as follows:
Year Ending December 31,
2021 (excluding the three months ended March 31, 2021) $ 150 
2022 200 
2023 168 
2024 97 
2025 97 
Thereafter 1,265 
TOTAL $ 1,977 
License Agreements
The Company has entered into multiple license agreements (together, the “License Agreements”) with the University of Florida Research Foundation and the University of Texas at Austin. Under the terms of the License Agreements, the Company acquired exclusive worldwide licenses for underlying technology used in repairing and regenerating nerves. The licensed technologies include the rights to issued patents and patents pending in the United States and international markets. The effective term of the License Agreements extends through the term of the related patents and the agreements may be terminated by the Company with 60 days’ prior written notice. Additionally, in the event of default, licensors may terminate an agreement if the Company fails to cure a breach after written notice. The License Agreements contain the key terms listed below:
•The Company pays royalty fees ranging from 1% to 3% under the License Agreements based on net sales of licensed products. One of the agreements also contains a minimum royalty of $13 per quarter, which may include a credit in future quarters in the same calendar year for the amount the minimum royalty exceeds the royalty fees. Also, when the Company pays royalties to more than one licensor for sales of the same product, a royalty stack cap applies, capping total royalties at 3.75%;
•If the Company sublicenses technologies covered by the License Agreements to third parties, the Company would pay a percentage of sublicense fees received from the third party to the licensor. Currently, the Company does not sublicense any technologies covered by License Agreements. The Company is not considered a sub-licensee under the License Agreements and does not owe any sub-licensee fees for its own use of the technologies;
•The Company reimburses the licensors for certain legal expenses incurred for patent prosecution and defense of the technologies covered by the License Agreements; and
•Currently, under the University of Texas at Austin’s agreement, the Company would owe a milestone fee of $15 upon receiving a Phase II Small Business Innovation Research or Phase II Small Business Technology Transfer grant involving the licensed technology. The Company has not received either grant and does not owe such a milestone fee.  A milestone fee to the University of Florida Research Foundation of $2 is due if the Company receives FDA approval of its Avance Nerve Graft, a milestone fee of $25 is due upon the first commercial use of certain licensed technology to provide services to manufacture products for third parties and a milestone fee of $10 is due upon the first use to manufacture products that utilize certain technology that is not currently incorporated into the Company's products.
Royalty fees were approximately $641 and $492 during the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively, and are included in sales and marketing expense on the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations.