Quarterly report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d)

Intangible Assets, Net

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Intangible Assets, Net
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2023
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]  
Intangible Assets, Net Intangible Assets, Net
Intangible assets consist of the following:
September 30, 2023 December 31, 2022
(in thousands) Gross Carrying Amount Accumulated Amortization Net Carrying Amount Gross Carrying Amount Accumulated Amortization Net Carrying Amount
Amortizable intangible assets:
Patents $ 4,629  $ (763) $ 3,866  $ 3,792  $ (621) $ 3,170 
License agreements 1,101  (1,086) 15  1,101  (1,014) 87 
Total amortizable intangible assets 5,730  (1,849) 3,881  4,893  (1,635) 3,258 
Unamortized intangible assets:
Trademarks 407  —  407  391  —  391 
Total intangible assets $ 6,138  $ (1,849) $ 4,288  $ 5,284  $ (1,635) $ 3,649 
Amortization expense is as follows:
Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,
(in thousands) 2023 2022 2023 2022
Amortization expense $ 70  $ 66  $ 214  $ 198 
As of September 30, 2023, future amortization of patents and license agreements is as follows:
Year Ending December 31, (in thousands)
2023 (excluding the nine months ended September 30, 2023) $ 56 
2024 223 
2025 223 
2026 221 
2027 218 
Thereafter 2,940 
Total $ 3,881 
License Agreements
The Company has various license agreements that require the payment of royalty fees.
Royalty fee expense included in sales and marketing expense is as follows:
Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,
(in thousands) 2023 2022 2023 2022
Royalty fee expense $ 930  $ 848  $ 2,628  $ 2,287